Sonochemical-driven ultrafast facile synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles: Growth mechanism structural electrical and hydrogen gas sensing properties

Hafeez Ullah; Ibrahim Khan; Zain H Yamani; Ahsanulhaq Qurashi

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.06.025

Sonochemical-driven ultrafast facile synthesis of SnO₂ nanoparticles: Growth mechanism structural electrical and hydrogen gas sensing properties

Ultrason Sonochem. 2017 Jan:34:484-490. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.06.025. Epub 2016 Jun 21.

Authors

Hafeez Ullah¹, Ibrahim Khan², Zain H Yamani³, Ahsanulhaq Qurashi⁴

Affiliations

¹ Center of Excellenece in Nanotechnology (CENT) and Chemistry Department KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
² Center of Excellenece in Nanotechnology (CENT) and Chemistry Department KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
³ Center of Excellenece in Nanotechnology (CENT) and Chemistry Department KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Physics Department, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Center of Excellenece in Nanotechnology (CENT) and Chemistry Department KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia; Chemistry Department, KFUPM, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: ahsanulhaq@kfupm.edu.sa.

PMID: 27773272
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.06.025

Abstract

Synthesis of SnO₂ nanoparticles have been successfully accomplished moderately at lower temperature by facile, rapid, efficient and mild ultrasonic irradiation method. The as-grown SnO₂ nanoparticles are investigated by various characterization techniques in terms of structural, optical, electrical and gas sensing properties. XRD investigation has shown that the SnO₂ nanoparticles materials exhibit single rutile crystal phase with high crystallinity. FESEM studies showed uniform and monodisperse morphology of SnO₂ nanoparticles. The chemical composition of SnO₂ was systematically studied by EDX measurements. Additional confirmation of three Raman shifts (432, 630, 772cm^-1) indicated the characteristic properties of the rutile phase of the as-grown SnO₂ nanoparticles. The optical properties of SnO₂ nanoparticles were examined by DRS, and the electronic band gap of SnO₂ nanoparticles were around 3.6eV. Electrical properties of the SnO₂ nanoparticles measured at various temperatures have shown the semiconducting properties. Surface area and pore size of synthesized nanoparticles were analyzed from BET. It has been revealed that SnO₂ nanoparticles have surface area is 47.8574m²/g and the pore size is 10.5nm. Moreover, hydrogen gas sensor made of SnO₂ nanoparticles showed good sensitivity and faster response for the hydrogen gas. This method is template-less and surfactant-free which circumvents rigorous reaction work-up for the former removal, reaction temperature and reaction time compared to hydrothermal synthesis and pertinent to many other oxide materials.

Keywords: Hydrogen gas sensing properties; SnO(2) nanoparticles; Sonochemical synthesis; Structural properties.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't