Pretreated duloxetine protects hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons from ischemia-reperfusion injury through decreases of glial activation and oxidative stress

J Neurol Sci. 2016 Nov 15:370:229-236. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2016.09.059. Epub 2016 Sep 29.

Abstract

Duloxetine (DXT), a serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is widely used for the treatment of major depressive disorders. In the present study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of pre-treated DXT in the hippocampal CA1 region following transient global cerebral ischemia. Pre-treatment with 40mg/kg DXT protected pyramidal neurons in the CA1 region from ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, pre-treatment with DXT reduced ischemia-induced activations of microglia and astrocytes in the ischemic CA1 region. On the other hand, we found that pre-treatment with DXT did not increase 4-hydroxy-2-noneal (a marker for lipid peroxidation) and significantly increased the expression of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase, an antioxidant, in the CA1 pyramidal neurons compared with non-treated those after ischemia-reperfusion. These results indicate that pre-treated DXT has neuroprotective effect against transient global cerebral ischemia and suggest that the neuroprotective effect of DXT may be due to the attenuation of ischemia-induced glial activation as well as the decrease of oxidative stress.

Keywords: Delayed neuronal death; Duloxetine; Glial activation; Oxidative stress; Pyramidal neurons; Transient global cerebral ischemia.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Brain Ischemia / drug therapy*
  • Brain Ischemia / metabolism
  • Brain Ischemia / pathology
  • CA1 Region, Hippocampal / drug effects*
  • CA1 Region, Hippocampal / metabolism
  • CA1 Region, Hippocampal / pathology
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Duloxetine Hydrochloride / pharmacology*
  • Gerbillinae
  • Male
  • Neuroglia / drug effects
  • Neuroglia / metabolism
  • Neuroglia / pathology
  • Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Oxidative Stress / physiology
  • Pyramidal Cells / drug effects*
  • Pyramidal Cells / metabolism
  • Pyramidal Cells / pathology
  • Reperfusion Injury / drug therapy*
  • Reperfusion Injury / metabolism
  • Reperfusion Injury / pathology
  • Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Superoxide Dismutase-1 / metabolism

Substances

  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • Serotonin and Noradrenaline Reuptake Inhibitors
  • Duloxetine Hydrochloride
  • Superoxide Dismutase-1