Trachoma Mapping in Gombe State, Nigeria: Results of 11 Local Government Area Surveys

Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2016 Dec;23(6):406-411. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2016.1230633. Epub 2016 Oct 11.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the need or otherwise for establishment of a trachoma elimination program in Gombe State, Nigeria, by estimating the population-based prevalence of trachoma in each Local Government Area (LGA) of Gombe.

Methods: Using a multi-stage, systematic, random, and quasi-random sampling approach and Global Trachoma Mapping Project support, we selected 25 clusters in each LGA. In each cluster, we selected 25 households and all consenting residents aged 1 year and older were examined for trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) and trichiasis, using the World Health Organization simplified grading scheme.

Results: No LGA in Gombe State had a TF prevalence ≥5% in 1-9-year-olds. All LGAs had trichiasis prevalences above the elimination threshold and should be targeted for community-based delivery of trichiasis surgery. Only three LGAs had household-level improved wash water access of greater than 80%. Access to improved sanitation facilities was also poor as household access to improved sanitation facilities was above 80% in only one LGA.

Conclusion: A trachoma program focused on delivery of trichiasis surgery is required in Gombe. Improvements in water and sanitation, through engagement with other sectors, are necessary.

Keywords: Blindness; prevalence; sanitation; trachoma; trichiasis surgery; water.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cluster Analysis
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nigeria / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Trachoma / epidemiology*
  • Trichiasis / epidemiology*
  • Young Adult