Paraptosis-like cell death in Wistar rat granulosa cells

Dev Growth Differ. 2016 Oct;58(8):651-663. doi: 10.1111/dgd.12322. Epub 2016 Sep 29.

Abstract

Follicular atresia, a common process present in all mammals, involves apoptotic and autophagic cell death. However, the participation of paraptosis, a type of caspase-independent cell death, during follicular atresia is unknown. This study found swollen endoplasmic reticulum in the granulosa cells of adult Wistar rats. Calnexin was used as a marker of the endoplasmic reticulum at the ultrastructural and optical levels. The cells with swelling of the endoplasmic reticulum were negative to the TUNEL assay and active caspase-3 immunodetection, indicating that this swelling is not part of any apoptotic or autophagic process. Additionally, immunodetection of the CHOP protein was used as a marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and this confirmed the presence of the paraptosis process. These data suggest that paraptosis-like cell death is associated with the death of granulosa cells during follicular atresia in adult Wistar rats.

Keywords: endoplasmic reticulum; follicular atresia; granulosa cells; paraptosis; programmed cell death.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calnexin / metabolism
  • Caspase 3 / metabolism
  • Cell Death
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism*
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress*
  • Female
  • Follicular Atresia / metabolism*
  • Granulosa Cells / metabolism*
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Transcription Factor CHOP

Substances

  • Ddit3 protein, rat
  • Calnexin
  • Transcription Factor CHOP
  • Casp3 protein, rat
  • Caspase 3