Xanthium strumarium as an Inhibitor of α-Glucosidase, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1β, Protein Glycation and ABTS⁺ for Diabetic and Its Complication

Molecules. 2016 Sep 16;21(9):1241. doi: 10.3390/molecules21091241.

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation of the natural products from Xanthium strumarium led to the isolation of fourteen compounds including seven caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) derivatives. The individual compounds were screened for inhibition of α-glucosidase, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1β (PTP1β), advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and ABTS⁺ radical scavenging activity using in vitro assays. Among the isolated compounds, methyl-3,5-di-caffeoyquinic acid exhibited significant inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase (18.42 μM), PTP1β (1.88 μM), AGEs (82.79 μM), and ABTS⁺ (6.03 μM). This effect was marked compared to that of the positive controls (acarbose 584.79 μM, sumarin 5.51 μM, aminoguanidine 1410.00 μM, and trolox 29.72 μM respectively). In addition, 3,5-di-O-CQA (88.14 μM) and protocatechuic acid (32.93 μM) had a considerable inhibitory effect against α-glucosidase and ABTS⁺. Based on these findings, methyl-3,5-di-caffeoyquinic acid was assumed to be potentially responsible for the anti-diabetic actions of X. strumarium.

Keywords: Xanthium strumarium; advanced glycation end products; methyl-3,5-di-caffeoyquinic acid; protein tyrosine phosphatase 1β; α-glucosidase.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Benzothiazoles / chemistry*
  • Cattle
  • Diabetes Complications / drug therapy
  • Diabetes Complications / metabolism
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced / chemistry
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / chemistry*
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1* / chemistry
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / enzymology*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins* / chemistry
  • Serum Albumin, Bovine
  • Sulfonic Acids / chemistry*
  • Xanthium / chemistry*
  • alpha-Glucosidases / chemistry*

Substances

  • Benzothiazoles
  • Glycation End Products, Advanced
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Sulfonic Acids
  • Serum Albumin, Bovine
  • 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid
  • PTPN1 protein, human
  • Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1
  • alpha-Glucosidases