Angiogenic Rg1 /Sr-Doped TiO2 Nanowire/Poly(Propylene Fumarate) Bone Cement Composites

Mehrnaz Salarian; William Z Xu; Richard Bohay; Edmund M K Lui; Paul A Charpentier

doi:10.1002/mabi.201600156

Angiogenic Rg₁ /Sr-Doped TiO₂ Nanowire/Poly(Propylene Fumarate) Bone Cement Composites

Macromol Biosci. 2017 Feb;17(2). doi: 10.1002/mabi.201600156. Epub 2016 Sep 12.

Authors

Mehrnaz Salarian^{1

2}, William Z Xu³, Richard Bohay⁴, Edmund M K Lui^{2

5}, Paul A Charpentier^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
² The Ontario Ginseng Innovation & Research Consortium, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
³ Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
⁴ Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.
⁵ Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON, N6A 5B9, Canada.

PMID: 27618224
DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600156

Abstract

A new approach is provided for preparing radiopaque and angiogenic poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF) bone cements by integrating Sr-doped n-TiO₂ nanowires and ginsenoside Rg1 suitable for treating osteonecrosis. High aspect ratio radiopaque TiO₂ -nanowires are synthesized by strontium doping in supercritical CO₂ for the first time, showing a new phase, SrTiO₃ . PPF is synthesized using a transesterification method by reacting diethyl fumarate and propylene glycol, then functionalized using maleic anhydride to produce terminal carboxyl groups, which are subsequently linked to the nanowires. The strong interfacial adhesion between functionalized PPF and nanowires is examined by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and mechanical testing. An angiogenic modulator, ginsenoside Rg₁ , is integrated into the bone cement formulation with the mechanical properties, radiopacity, drug release, and angiogenesis behavior of the formed composites explored. The results show superior radiopacity and excellent release of ginsenoside Rg₁ in vitro, as well as a dose-dependent increase in the branching point numbers. The present study suggests this new methodology provides sufficient mechanical properties, radiopacity, and angiogenic activity to be suitable for cementation of necrotic bone.

Keywords: angiogenesis; bone cement; ginsenoside Rg1; nanowire; radiopacity.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Bone Cements / pharmacology*
Carbon Dioxide / chemistry
Drug Liberation
Elastic Modulus / drug effects
Fumarates / chemical synthesis
Fumarates / chemistry
Fumarates / pharmacology*
Ginsenosides / pharmacology*
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / drug effects
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells / metabolism
Humans
Materials Testing
Nanocomposites / chemistry*
Nanocomposites / ultrastructure
Nanowires / chemistry*
Nanowires / ultrastructure
Neovascularization, Physiologic / drug effects*
Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Polypropylenes / chemical synthesis
Polypropylenes / chemistry
Polypropylenes / pharmacology*
Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
Strontium / pharmacology*
Titanium / pharmacology*

Substances

Bone Cements
Fumarates
Ginsenosides
Polypropylenes
poly(propylene fumarate)
Carbon Dioxide
titanium dioxide
Titanium
ginsenoside Rg1
Strontium