Ultra-portable, wireless smartphone spectrometer for rapid, non-destructive testing of fruit ripeness

Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 8:6:32504. doi: 10.1038/srep32504.

Abstract

We demonstrate a smartphone based spectrometer design that is standalone and supported on a wireless platform. The device is inherently low-cost and the power consumption is minimal making it portable to carry out a range of studies in the field. All essential components of the device like the light source, spectrometer, filters, microcontroller and wireless circuits have been assembled in a housing of dimensions 88 mm × 37 mm × 22 mm and the entire device weighs 48 g. The resolution of the spectrometer is 15 nm, delivering accurate and repeatable measurements. The device has a dedicated app interface on the smartphone to communicate, receive, plot and analyze spectral data. The performance of the smartphone spectrometer is comparable to existing bench-top spectrometers in terms of stability and wavelength resolution. Validations of the device were carried out by demonstrating non-destructive ripeness testing in fruit samples. Ultra-Violet (UV) fluorescence from Chlorophyll present in the skin was measured across various apple varieties during the ripening process and correlated with destructive firmness tests. A satisfactory agreement was observed between ripeness and fluorescence signals. This demonstration is a step towards possible consumer, bio-sensing and diagnostic applications that can be carried out in a rapid manner.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Chlorophyll / analysis*
  • Computers, Handheld
  • Food Analysis / instrumentation*
  • Food Analysis / methods
  • Fruit / growth & development
  • Fruit / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Malus / growth & development
  • Malus / metabolism
  • Optical Imaging / economics
  • Optical Imaging / instrumentation
  • Optical Imaging / methods*
  • Plant Development / physiology
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence / economics
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence / instrumentation
  • Spectrometry, Fluorescence / methods*

Substances

  • Chlorophyll