High-dose Radiation Induced Heart Damage in a Rat Model

In Vivo. 2016;30(5):623-31.

Abstract

Background/aim: Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is a concern during radiotherapy. For its comprehensive study, an in vivo selective heart irradiation model was developed.

Materials and methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were irradiated with 50 Gy and functional imaging, biochemical (circulating growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and morphological (picrosirius red staining of the heart) objectives were tested.

Results: Signs and symptoms of RIHD occurred >12 weeks after irradiation with tachypnea, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, cardiac hypertrophy and body development retardation. Plasma GDF-15 was increased 3, 12 and 26, while plasma TGF-beta was increased 12 weeks after irradiation. At autopsy, extensive pleural fluid was found in the irradiated animals. Interstitial fibrosis could be reliably detected and quantified in irradiated hearts after a follow-up time of 19 weeks.

Conclusion: The studied parameters could be used in future experiments for testing protective agents for prevention of radiation heart injury.

Keywords: Heart function; inflammatory cytokines; radiation heart damage; radiogenic fibrosis; rat model.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Fibrosis / blood
  • Fibrosis / etiology
  • Fibrosis / physiopathology*
  • Growth Differentiation Factor 15 / blood*
  • Heart / physiopathology
  • Heart / radiation effects
  • Humans
  • Protective Agents / therapeutic use
  • Radiation Dosage
  • Radiation Injuries, Experimental / blood
  • Radiation Injuries, Experimental / pathology
  • Radiotherapy / adverse effects*
  • Rats
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta / blood*

Substances

  • Growth Differentiation Factor 15
  • Protective Agents
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta