(15)N Heteronuclear Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI

J Am Chem Soc. 2016 Sep 7;138(35):11136-9. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b06421. Epub 2016 Aug 26.

Abstract

A two-step heteronuclear enhancement approach was combined with chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) to magnify (15)N MRI signal of molecules through indirect detection via water protons. Previous CEST studies have been limited to radiofrequency (rf) saturation transfer or excitation transfer employing protons. Here, the signal of (15)N is detected indirectly through the water signal by first inverting selectively protons that are scalar-coupled to (15)N in the urea molecule, followed by chemical exchange of the amide proton to bulk water. In addition to providing a small sensitivity enhancement, this approach can be used to monitor the exchange rates and thus the pH sensitivity of the participating (15)N-bound protons.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Nitrogen Isotopes / chemistry*
  • Protons
  • Water / chemistry

Substances

  • Nitrogen Isotopes
  • Nitrogen-15
  • Protons
  • Water