Bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGNs) have been used over a range of dental tissue engineering. One main reason is possibly that BGNs strongly interact with hard tissues, while forming a stable interface after implantation. Recently, BGNs have been further diversified and ameliorated by incorporating bio-functional ions into BGNs or by functionally modifying the surface of BGNs. A comprehensive overview of the processes and applications of BGNs and their derivatives for the use in dentistry is thus necessary for their stepforward. Therefore, this review focuses on a variety of processes and practical applications of BGNs and their derivatives, which is expected to aid readerships with understanding and employing BGNs and their derivatives for personalized dental treatments.