Use of Intravascular Imaging During Chronic Total Occlusion Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Insights From a Contemporary Multicenter Registry

J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Aug 20;5(8):e003890. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.116.003890.

Abstract

Background: Intravascular imaging can facilitate chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods and results: We examined the frequency of use and outcomes of intravascular imaging among 619 CTO percutaneous coronary interventions performed between 2012 and 2015 at 7 US centers. Mean age was 65.4±10 years and 85% of the patients were men. Intravascular imaging was used in 38%: intravascular ultrasound in 36%, optical coherence tomography in 3%, and both in 1.45%. Intravascular imaging was used for stent sizing (26.3%), stent optimization (38.0%), and CTO crossing (35.7%, antegrade in 27.9%, and retrograde in 7.8%). Intravascular imaging to facilitate crossing was used more frequently in lesions with proximal cap ambiguity (49% versus 26%, P<0.0001) and with retrograde as compared with antegrade-only cases (67% versus 31%, P<0.0001). Despite higher complexity (Japanese CTO score: 2.86±1.19 versus 2.43±1.19, P=0.001), cases in which imaging was used for crossing had similar technical and procedural success (92.8% versus 89.6%, P=0.302 and 90.1% versus 88.3%, P=0.588, respectively) and similar incidence of major cardiac adverse events (2.7% versus 3.2%, P=0.772). Use of intravascular imaging was associated with longer procedure (192 minutes [interquartile range 130, 255] versus 131 minutes [90, 192], P<0.0001) and fluoroscopy (71 minutes [44, 93] versus 39 minutes [25, 69], P<0.0001) time.

Conclusions: Intravascular imaging is frequently performed during CTO percutaneous coronary intervention both for crossing and for stent selection/optimization. Despite its use in more complex lesion subsets, intravascular imaging was associated with similar rates of technical and procedural success for CTO percutaneous coronary intervention.

Clinical trial registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02061436.

Keywords: chronic total occlusion; intravascular ultrasound; optical coherence tomography; percutaneous coronary intervention.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Chronic Disease
  • Coronary Angiography / methods
  • Coronary Occlusion / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Occlusion / surgery*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Multimodal Imaging / methods
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / methods*
  • Registries
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional / methods

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02061436