Objective: A wide range of surgical techniques are available for maxillary sinus augmentation. This review aimed to determine which techniques have achieved the highest success rates and so offer the greatest predictability.
Materials and methods: A systematic literature review was performed using the PubMed, MEDLINE, and Scopus databases, identifying clinical trials that assessed different surgical techniques for maxillary sinus augmentation, and registered the success rates of subsequent implant placement.
Results: A total of 40 articles described clinical studies involving different maxillary sinus augmentation procedures with follow-up periods of at least 6 months after dental implant placement. Implant success rates varied between 94% and 100% during the follow-up periods.
Conclusion: A wide variety of clinical techniques are available for maxillary sinus augmentation; the choice of the technique will depend chiefly on the characteristics of the edentulous site, which will permit or prevent the placement of the implant at the moment of sinus augmentation surgery.