Introduction: The aim of this study was to review the literature and critically analyse publications connecting cognitive impairment with postural stability.
Methods: Four electronic databases were searched. The inclusion criteria comprised the relation between the process of maintaining balance and cognitive impairment.
Results: Of the 153 selected articles, 15 met the inclusion criteria. In 83% of publications, cognitive status was determined with the use of the Mini-Mental State Examination. In eight publications, postural stability was examined using force plates. Other methods used to test the balance were functional tests, i.e. the Berg Balance Scale or the Balance Evaluation Systems Test.
Conclusion: As the choice of methodology varies significantly, it is difficult to attempt an objective comparison between different studies. There is a clear need for the normalisation of methods used to assess the degree of dementia and to assess postural stability among this group of people.
Keywords: balance; cognitive impairment; dementia; elderly; postural stability.