Cellobiose dehydrogenase and chitosan-based lysozyme responsive materials for antimicrobial wound treatment

Biotechnol Bioeng. 2017 Feb;114(2):416-422. doi: 10.1002/bit.26070. Epub 2016 Sep 21.

Abstract

The treatment of wound infection still constitutes a major threat in health care due to the increasing number of bacterial resistances and the difficulty of timely infection detection. Here, we present a smart antimicrobial system that is activated in case of infection based on elevated lysozyme activities. N-acetyl chitosan (degree of N-acetylation: 40%) was synthesized and hydrolysis by lysozyme in artificial wound fluid (AWF) was demonstrated. This resulted in the formation of N-acetylated chito oligosaccharides (COS) with a degree of polymerization of 2-5 units. The COS were shown to serve as substrate for cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) leading to the production of 1 mM antimicrobial hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) after 24 h incubation at 37°C in AWF. Growth inhibition was seen upon incubation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with this chitosan-CDH system over 8 h. This approach represents the first self-regulating system for the infection responsive inhibition of bacterial growth in response to lysozyme as infection biomarker. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 416-422. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Keywords: N-acetyl chitosan; diagnostics; enzyme responsive; infection detection; infection prevention.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Infective Agents* / chemistry
  • Anti-Infective Agents* / pharmacology
  • Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases* / chemistry
  • Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases* / pharmacology
  • Chitosan / chemistry*
  • Escherichia coli / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Models, Biological*
  • Muramidase* / chemistry
  • Muramidase* / pharmacology
  • Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Wound Infection* / microbiology
  • Wound Infection* / prevention & control

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • N-acetylchitosan
  • Chitosan
  • Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases
  • cellobiose-quinone oxidoreductase
  • Muramidase