The chiral dodecanuclear palladium(II) thio cluster LaPd12(C3H5NO2S)3(C3H6NO2S)21 (1) was prepared by reacting l-cysteine (l-Cys) with PdCl2 and La2O3 in aqueous solution under carefully controlled conditions. Compound 1 was structurally characterized by single-crystal XRD, TGA, IR, UV-vis, (13)C NMR, and CD spectroscopy. Insight into the dimerization process of 1 was obtained by ESI-MS and DFT calculations.