Spliceosome SNRNP200 Promotes Viral RNA Sensing and IRF3 Activation of Antiviral Response

PLoS Pathog. 2016 Jul 25;12(7):e1005772. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005772. eCollection 2016 Jul.

Abstract

Spliceosomal SNRNP200 is a Ski2-like RNA helicase that is associated with retinitis pigmentosa 33 (RP33). Here we found that SNRNP200 promotes viral RNA sensing and IRF3 activation through the ability of its amino-terminal Sec63 domain (Sec63-1) to bind RNA and to interact with TBK1. We show that SNRNP200 relocalizes into TBK1-containing cytoplasmic structures upon infection, in contrast to the RP33-associated S1087L mutant, which is also unable to rescue antiviral response of SNRNP200 knockdown cells. This functional rescue correlates with the Sec63-1-mediated binding of viral RNA. The hindered IFN-β production of knockdown cells was further confirmed in peripheral blood cells of RP33 patients bearing missense mutation in SNRNP200 upon infection with Sendai virus (SeV). This work identifies a novel immunoregulatory role of the spliceosomal SNRNP200 helicase as an RNA sensor and TBK1 adaptor for the activation of IRF3-mediated antiviral innate response.

MeSH terms

  • Blotting, Western
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
  • Gene Knockdown Techniques
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate / immunology*
  • Immunoprecipitation
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3 / immunology*
  • Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / immunology
  • RNA, Viral / immunology*
  • Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear / immunology*
  • Signal Transduction / immunology
  • Spliceosomes / immunology
  • Virus Diseases / immunology*

Substances

  • IRF3 protein, human
  • Interferon Regulatory Factor-3
  • RNA, Viral
  • Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear
  • SNRNP200 protein, human
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • TBK1 protein, human