Biochemical indices of oxidative stress and inflammation in the evaluation of peripheral artery disease

Abstract

Background: The aims of this study were: (1) to investigate changes in indices of oxidative stress and inflammation in the evaluation of peripheral artery disease (PAD); (2) to compare the diagnostic efficacy of these parameters with that of classical clinical laboratory routine parameters.

Design and methods: We studied 115 patients with PAD and 300 healthy volunteers.

Results: PAD patients had significantly increased circulating concentrations of F2-isoprostanes, protein carbonyls, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), β-2-microglobulin (B2M), and decreased paraoxonase-1 (PON1) levels. When patients were classified according to the Fontaine score, we observed important increases in plasma F2-isoprostanes and CCL2 that appeared in milder stages of the disease, and remained so at similar levels in more advanced stages; almost no overlapping with the control group was noted. Receiver operating characteristics analysis comparing patients and controls revealed that the areas under the curve for F2-isoprostanes and CCL2 approached unity [0.999 (0.998-1.000) and 0.993 (0.985-1.000)], respectively, and significantly higher to those of the other measured parameters.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that F2-isoprostanes and CCL2 measurements may be useful tools for the diagnosis of PAD.

Keywords: Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2; F(2)-isoprostanes; Inflammation; Oxidative stress; Paraoxonase-1; Peripheral artery disease; Protein carbonyls.