INTRODUCTION Patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) are at high risk of recurrent cardiovascular events. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to identify factors related to control of hypercholesterolemia in patients after hospitalization for CAD. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included consecutive patients from 5 hospitals with cardiology departments serving one city in southern Poland. Patients were hospitalized for an acute coronary syndrome or for a myocardial revascularization procedure. Interviews and examinations were conducted 6 to 18 months after hospitalization. RESULTS Overall, 83.6% of the patients were taking statins; 2.1%, fibrates; and 0.5%, ezetimibe. A statin at a high dose (≥40 mg of atorvastatin or ≥20 mg of rosuvastatin) was taken by 36.1% of the participants. Younger age and index hospitalization in a teaching hospital were significantly associated with a higher probability of taking a statin. Overall, 28.1% of the patients had good control of hypercholesterolemia (low-density lipoprotein [LDL] cholesterol levels <1.8 mmol/l), whereas 71.9%, 38.6%, 24.4%, and 10.3% had LDL cholesterol levels of 1.8 mmol/l or higher, 2.5 mmol/l or higher, 3.0 mmol/l or higher, and 4.0 mmol/l or higher, respectively. Younger age, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose levels were related to a higher probability of having LDL cholesterol levels of 1.8 mmol/l or higher, while younger age, shorter period of education, professional inactivity, lack of cardiac rehabilitation, and high blood pressure were related to the probability of LDL cholesterol levels of 4.0 mmol/l or higher. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of statin use is affected by age and health care-related factors, while control of hypercholesterolemia after hospitalization due to CAD is dependent mainly on patient-related and clinical factors.