Phenotypic and clinical aspects of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome in a Chinese population: an analysis of 594 patients

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the phenotypic and clinical aspects of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: University hospital.

Patient(s): Five hundred and ninety-four patients with MRKH syndrome.

Intervention(s): Clinical examination, abdominal or perineal/rectal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, hormonal profile, karyotype, and laparoscopy.

Main outcome measure(s): Clinicopathologic data, VCUAM (vagina cervix uterus adnex-associated malformation) classification, types with cycle phase, and karyotype.

Result(s): We identified associated malformations in 43 out of 594 (7.2%) cases of MRKH. The 594 patients could be grouped into hormone phases: 53.7% follicular, 35.2% luteal, and 11.1% ovulatory. The major karyotype of MRKH patients was 46,XX; abnormal karyotypes were found in two cases.

Conclusion(s): A lower proportion of associated malformations were found when compared with those provided in the current literature. Renal anomalies were the most frequent associated malformations, and most of the patients presented with a normal karyotype. Given the large cohort of this study, the lower malformation rates might be related to geographic or referral patterns, so further investigation is warranted.

Keywords: Abnormal karyotype; MRKH syndrome; VCUAM classification; malformations; pituitary and steroid hormones.