Muscle atrophy caused by nerve injury is a common and difficult clinical problem. The development of stem cell researches has opened up a new way for the treatment of nerve injury-induced muscle atrophy. The induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs)can differentiate into various types of cells and have more advantages than embryonic stem cells (ESCs). After being transplanted into the damaged area, iPSCs are guided by neurogenic signals to the lesion sites, to repair the damaged nerve, promote generation of axon myelination, rebuild neural circuits and restore physiological function. Meanwhile, iPSCs can also differentiate into muscle cells and promote muscle tissue regeneration. Therefore, it would be possible to attenuate muscle atrophy caused by nerve injury with iPSCs treatment.
诱导多能干细胞(iPSC)是一种类似于胚胎干细胞具有多向分化潜能的组织干细胞,又有胚胎干细胞不可比拟的优势。iPSC移植到受损区域后,经病损部位神经源信号的引导,可分泌修复损伤必需的营养因子,帮助无髓或新生轴突形成髓鞘,为轴突生长提供基质等物质,参与神经立体空间结构的重建,恢复神经系统功能,对周围神经的再生具有非常重要的意义。因此,应用iPSC治疗延缓失神经性肌肉萎缩成为一种可能。