Insights into zinc and cadmium biology in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Arch Biochem Biophys. 2016 Dec 1:611:120-133. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2016.05.021. Epub 2016 May 31.

Abstract

Zinc is an essential metal that is involved in a wide range of biological processes, and aberrant zinc homeostasis is implicated in multiple human diseases. Cadmium is chemically similar to zinc, but it is a nonessential environmental pollutant. Because zinc deficiency and excess are deleterious, animals require homeostatic mechanisms to maintain zinc levels in response to dietary fluctuations. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is emerging as a powerful model system to investigate zinc trafficking and homeostasis as well as cadmium toxicity. Here we review genetic and molecular studies that have combined to generate a picture of zinc homeostasis based on the transcriptional control of zinc transporters in intestinal cells. Furthermore, we summarize studies of cadmium toxicity that reveal intriguing parallels with zinc biology.

Keywords: Cadmium; Elegans; Zinc; cdf.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biological Transport
  • Cadmium / physiology*
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / physiology*
  • Cell Lineage
  • Culture Media
  • Diet
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins / chemistry
  • Homeostasis
  • Male
  • Models, Biological
  • Mutation
  • Phenotype
  • Spermatozoa / physiology
  • Vulva / physiology
  • Zinc / physiology*

Substances

  • Culture Media
  • Cadmium
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • Zinc