Prospective evaluation of antibiotic treatment for urological procedure in patients presenting with neurogenic bladder

Med Mal Infect. 2016 Sep;46(6):300-7. doi: 10.1016/j.medmal.2016.04.001. Epub 2016 May 27.

Abstract

Objectives: Patients presenting with neurogenic bladder often require urological procedures (urodynamic testing and botulinum toxin injections) and a preventive antibiotic therapy. We aimed to assess the efficacy of this little known strategy in a cohort of patients.

Patients and methods: All patients presenting with neurogenic bladder who underwent urological procedure were included in the study. They received an antibiotic therapy in accordance with the urine cytobacteriological examination results. The antibiotic therapy was initiated two days before the procedure and prolonged up until two days after the procedure if the culture was positive. Patients were treated with a single dose of fosfomycin-trometamol in case of a negative culture. The main study outcome was the occurrence of urinary tract infection (UTI), defined by a positive urine culture and symptoms, up until 14 days after the procedure.

Results: A total of 80 urological procedures were performed. Mean patient age was 47±13.1 years (sex ratio 1.22); 59 (73.8%) presented with asymptomatic bacteriuria before the procedure. Nine (11.1%) UTIs were recorded on Day 14, of which one (1.2%) was febrile. Two patients required an additional curative antibiotic therapy. No patient was hospitalized. Overall, 77.8% of UTIs were cured without antibiotic therapy.

Conclusion: Screening and treating asymptomatic bacteriuria before urological procedures seems unnecessary and vainly exposes this population at high risk of infectious diseases to antibiotic therapies. This data should be confirmed by a randomized clinical trial.

Keywords: Bactéries multi-résistantes; Infection urinaire; Multidrug-resistant bacteria; Neurogenic bladder; Prophylaxie; Prophylaxis; Urinary tract infection; Vessie neurologique.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antibiotic Prophylaxis*
  • Asymptomatic Diseases
  • Bacteriuria / epidemiology
  • Bacteriuria / microbiology
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A / therapeutic use
  • Catheter-Related Infections / epidemiology
  • Catheter-Related Infections / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intramuscular / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / complications*
  • Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / drug therapy
  • Urinary Catheterization / adverse effects
  • Urinary Tract Infections / drug therapy
  • Urinary Tract Infections / epidemiology
  • Urinary Tract Infections / etiology
  • Urinary Tract Infections / prevention & control*
  • Urodynamics
  • Wound Infection / prevention & control

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A