Genetic signature of strong recent positive selection at interleukin-32 gene in goat

Akhtar Rasool Asif; Sumayyah Qadri; Nabeel Ijaz; Ruheena Javed; Abdur Rahman Ansari; Muhammd Awais; Muhammad Younus; Hasan Riaz; Xiaoyong Du

doi:10.5713/ajas.15.0941

Genetic signature of strong recent positive selection at interleukin-32 gene in goat

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2017 Jul;30(7):912-919. doi: 10.5713/ajas.15.0941. Epub 2016 Apr 22.

Authors

Akhtar Rasool Asif^{1

2

3}, Sumayyah Qadri³, Nabeel Ijaz¹, Ruheena Javed^{1

2}, Abdur Rahman Ansari^{3

4}, Muhammd Awais¹, Muhammad Younus³, Hasan Riaz⁵, Xiaoyong Du^{1

2

6}

Affiliations

¹ Key Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
² The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China.
³ Theriogenology Department, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Jhang, Sub campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
⁴ Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, College of Animal and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
⁵ Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal 57000, Pakistan.
⁶ Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan China.

Abstract

Objective: Identification of the candidate genes that play key roles in phenotypic variations can provide new information about evolution and positive selection. Interleukin (IL)-32 is involved in many biological processes, however, its role for the immune response against various diseases in mammals is poorly understood. Therefore, the current investigation was performed for the better understanding of the molecular evolution and the positive selection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in IL-32 gene.

Methods: By using fixation index (F_ST ) based method, IL-32 (9375) gene was found to be outlier and under significant positive selection with the provisional combined allocation of mean heterozygosity and F_ST . Using nucleotide sequences of 11 mammalian species from National Center for Biotechnology Information database, the evolutionary selection of IL-32 gene was determined using Maximum likelihood model method, through four models (M1a, M2a, M7, and M8) in Codeml program of phylogenetic analysis by maximum liklihood.

Results: IL-32 is detected under positive selection using the F_ST simulations method. The phylogenetic tree revealed that goat IL-32 was in close resemblance with sheep IL-32. The coding nucleotide sequences were compared among 11 species and it was found that the goat IL-32 gene shared identity with sheep (96.54%), bison (91.97%), camel (58.39%), cat (56.59%), buffalo (56.50%), human (56.13%), dog (50.97%), horse (54.04%), and rabbit (53.41%) respectively.

Conclusion: This study provides evidence for IL-32 gene as under significant positive selection in goat.

Keywords: Evolution; Goat; Interleukin-32; Positive Selection.