Polymeric tannins significantly alter properties and in vitro digestibility of partially gelatinized intact starch granule

Food Chem. 2016 Oct 1:208:10-7. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.096. Epub 2016 Apr 1.

Abstract

Excess calorie intake is a growing global problem. This study investigated effect of complexing partially gelatinized starch with condensed tannins on in vitro starch digestibility. Extracts from tannin and non-tannin sorghum, and cellulose control, were reacted with normal and waxy maize starch in 30% (30E) and 50% ethanol (50E) solutions at 70°C/20min. More tannins complexed with the 30E than 50E starches (mean 6.2 vs 3.5mg/g, respectively). In the 30E treatments, tannins significantly increased crystallinity, pasting temperature, peak viscosity, and slow digesting starch (from 100 to 274mg/g) in normal, but not waxy starch, suggesting intragranular cross-linking with amylose. Tannins doubled resistant starch (RS) to approx. 300mg/g in both starches. In 50E treatments, tannins made both maize starches behave like raw potato starch (>90% RS), suggesting granule surface interactions dominated. Non-tannin treatments generally behaved similar to cellulose. Condensed tannins could be used to favorably alter starch digestion profile.

Keywords: Amylose; Proanthocyanidins; Resistant starch; Starch digestibility; Tannins.

MeSH terms

  • Amylopectin / chemistry
  • Amylose / chemistry
  • Cellulose / metabolism
  • Edible Grain / metabolism
  • Gelatin / chemistry*
  • Sorghum / metabolism
  • Starch / metabolism*
  • Tannins / chemistry*
  • Viscosity
  • Zea mays / metabolism

Substances

  • Tannins
  • Gelatin
  • Cellulose
  • Starch
  • Amylose
  • Amylopectin