Objective: Ultrasound surveillance of patients with testicular microlithiasis (TM) has been recommended because of the reported association between TM and testicular cancer (TC). The purpose of this review is to summarize what is known about TM and discuss recent recommendations.
Conclusion: The most recent recommendations do not support the use of routine ultrasound surveillance for patients with TM who are at low risk for TC. A template for possible use in reporting TM is also provided.
Keywords: testicular cancer; testicular microlithiasis; ultrasound.