The inhibition of STAT3 may exert cell-autonomous cytotoxic and cytostatic effects, yet may also stimulate anticancer immunosurveillance through the neutralization of immunosuppressive circuitries. In addition, STAT3 inhibition in cancer cells may stimulate the type 1 interferon response elicited by anthracyclines. This pathway results in an enhanced chemotherapy-associated anticancer immune response with improved therapeutic efficacy. Hence, combination therapies that include immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers and STAT3 inhibitors can be envisaged.