This study aimed to establish the combined effect of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) on wild Litopenaeus vannamei hepatopancreas alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity compared with that of farmed shrimp. AP activity in hepatopancreas extract was confirmed by several specific inhibitor assays. AP activity of wild shrimp was higher than that of farmed shrimp (p < 0.05). However, AP activity from both wild and farmed shrimp was inhibited when incubated with AFB1 and FB1. The greatest inhibition occurred when AP was incubated with a mixture of AFB1 and FB1. The IC50 for AFB1 on AP activity of wild and farmed shrimp hepatopancreases was 0.790 and 0.398 μg/mL, respectively. The IC50 of FB1 was 0.87 μg/mL for wild shrimp and 0.69 μg/mL for farmed shrimp. These results suggest that, at the mycotoxins concentrations used in the study, AP from farmed L. vannamei was sensitive to the presence of both mycotoxins; however, AP is more sensitive to the combination of AFB1 + FB1 suggesting a possible synergistic or potentiating inhibitory effect.
Keywords: Aflatoxin B1; Alkaline phosphatase; Fumonisin B1; Hepatopancreas; Litopenaeus vannamei; Mycotoxins.