Anxiety and categorisation effects in student nurses' attitudes towards young and older patients: A dual pathway model

Nurse Educ Today. 2016 Apr:39:170-5. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2016.01.023. Epub 2016 Feb 4.

Abstract

Background: Student nurses often have a negative attitude towards older patients due to negative stereotypes, which may explain their reluctance to work in geriatric care.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate a dual effect (direct and indirect via anxiety) of patients' age on student nurses' attitudes towards their patients.

Design: Quantitative survey study with 2 between-subjects conditions (patient age: young patients vs. older patients; both n's=52).

Setting: Two schools for higher vocational education in the Netherlands.

Participants: 104 student nurses between the ages of 16-30 in the third or fourth year of their nursing education (Mage=21.58, SD=2.22; 93 women).

Results: Attitudes towards older patients were more negative than those towards young patients. Older patients also elicited less anxiety compared to young patients, and anxiety had a weaker relationship with attitudes towards older patients than attitudes towards younger patients. Attitudes towards younger patients, but not towards older patients, were depressed by anxiety.

Conclusions: Older patients generate more negative attitudes among student nurses, but can also improve attitudes indirectly by lowering intergroup anxiety. Older people may be therefore be especially suitable as a patient group to receive care from young nurses in training, who can mature in their profession without being anxious over making a wrong impression.

Keywords: Anxiety; Geriatric care; Nurse education; Student nurses.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Anxiety*
  • Attitude of Health Personnel*
  • Career Choice
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Geriatric Nursing / education*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Netherlands
  • Students, Nursing / psychology*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult