The authors reports the results of ELISA IgG and IgA antigliadin antibodies measurements in a study of 271 serum samples proceeding from celiac patients (with and without gluten containing diet) and control subjects. IgA antigliadin antibody measurement had the most specificity and positive predictive value, IgG antigliadin antibody measurement had the most sensitivity and negative predictive value. Our results point out that antigliadin antibodies are helpful in the diagnosis and management of celiac disease. Un the same manner, antigliadin antibodies are helpful to evaluate the adherence of patients to gluten-free diet.