Since diabetes patients are increasing in the world, establishment of a novel method for development of anti-diabetic drugs is desired. In this review, we describe recent results of our studies regarding diabetic model using silkworms for evaluation of anti-diabetic drugs for patients of both type I and type II diabetes. The use of the evaluation systems using silkworms is expected to contribute to reduction in cost and in the number of mammals sacrificed for screening of anti-diabetic drugs.