Physiologic and biochemical effects of electroacupuncture combined with intramuscular administration of dexmedetomidine to provide analgesia in goats

Am J Vet Res. 2016 Mar;77(3):252-9. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.77.3.252.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate physiologic and biochemical effects of electroacupuncture and dexmedetomidine administration to goats.

Animals: 30 healthy adult goats.

Procedures: Goats were allotted to 5 groups (6 goats/group) and received electroacupuncture, dexmedetomidine (5 or 20 μg/kg, IM), electroacupuncture plus dexmedetomidine (5 μg/kg, IM), or saline (0.9% NaCl) solution (IM [control treatment]). Pain threshold, cardiorespiratory effects, rectal temperature, and hematologic and biochemical variables were assessed.

Results: Dexmedetomidine (20 μg/kg) increased pain threshold and decreased heart rate, respiratory rate, and rectal temperature. Pain threshold of goats receiving electroacupuncture plus dexmedetomidine (5 μg/kg) was higher than that of goats receiving electroacupuncture or of goats receiving dexmedetomidine at 5 μg/kg at 30 minutes, but did not differ from that of goats receiving dexmedetomidine at 20 μg/kg. Compared with goats administered dexmedetomidine at 20 μg/kg, goats receiving electroacupuncture plus dexmedetomidine at 5 μg/kg had a higher heart rate from 30 to 60 minutes and a higher respiratory rate from 5 to 60 minutes. Electroacupuncture plus dexmedetomidine (5 μg/kg) did not affect rectal temperature. Serum glucose concentrations of goats receiving electroacupuncture plus dexmedetomidine (5 μg/kg) were higher than for goats receiving dexmedetomidine at 5 μg/kg at 30 minutes but not for goats receiving dexmedetomidine at 20 μg/kg. Creatinine and BUN concentrations, alanine or aspartate aminotransferase activities, and hematologic variables of treated goats did not change.

Conclusions and clinical relevance: Electroacupuncture in combination with a low dose of dexmedetomidine (5 μg/kg, IM) administered to goats provided antinociception.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / administration & dosage
  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Body Temperature / drug effects
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Dexmedetomidine / administration & dosage
  • Dexmedetomidine / pharmacology*
  • Electroacupuncture*
  • Female
  • Goats / physiology*
  • Heart Rate / drug effects
  • Injections, Intramuscular / veterinary
  • Male
  • Pain Management / veterinary
  • Pain Threshold / drug effects
  • Respiratory Rate / drug effects

Substances

  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
  • Dexmedetomidine