BACKGROUND Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located at lncRNA may affect the stability and splicing processes of mRNA formation, which result in the alteration of its interacting partners. The SNP rs755622 within exon of antisense lncRNA MIF- AS and promoter of MIF was implicated in renal disease risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS In this case-control study, we genotyped the SNP rs755622 in 230 patients diagnosed with nephrolithiasis and 250 controls in a Chinese population. RESULTS We found that the rs755622 CG and CC genotypes had a significantly increased nephrolithiasis risk (adjusted OR=1.52, 95% CI=1.03-2.25; OR=2.63, 95% CI=1.21-5.72, P=0.015), compared with GG genotype in the additive model. The rs755622 C carriers (GC/CC) had an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 1.65 (1.14-2.39, P=0.016), compared with the GG genotype in the dominant model. This hazardous effect was more pronounced in subgroup age >46, BMI >24, hypertension, ever smoking, and ever drinking subjects. Moreover, we found that rs755622 could modulate the function of MIF-AS by influencing its folding. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the MIF-AS rs755622 polymorphism may have a crucial role in the development of nephrolithiasis.