Evaluation of the genotoxicity/mutagenicity and antigenotoxicity/antimutagenicity induced by propolis and Baccharis dracunculifolia, by in vitro study with HTC cells

Abstract

The ethanolic extract of propolis, especially the Brazilian green type, is widely and mainly used for therapeutic purposes despite the lack of knowledge about its effects and its cellular mode of action. This type of propolis, derived from Baccharis dracunculifolia (alecrim-do-campo), has been extensively commercialized and the consumers use it to enhance health. This work aimed to assess the genotoxic/mutagenic and antigenotoxic/antimutagenic potentials of the ethanolic extracts of Brazilian green propolis and of B. dracunculifolia, on mammalian cells. It was not observed genotoxic and mutagenic effects by both extracts. After evaluate the exposure of the cells to each extract with a recognized mutagen, simultaneously, the results showed a significant reduction on DNA damage. The experiment carried out with a pre-incubation period was more effective than without incubation test, showing that the tested extracts were able to inactivate the mutagen before it could react with the DNA.

Keywords: Brazilian green propolis; Caffeic acid (PubChem CID: 689043); Comet assay; Cytokinesis-blockage micronucleus test; Ethanolic extract; Ferulic acid (PubChem CID: 445858); Kaempferol (PubChem CID: 5280863); Methyl methanesulfonate (PubChem CID: 4156); Mutagen inactivation; Quercetin (PubChem CID: 5280343); Rutin (PubChem CID: 5280805).