Recent studies have indicated that the detection of urinary podocytes holds major significance for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). We present two cases of FSGS after kidney transplantation, focusing on urinary podocytes. In Case 1, treatment led to incomplete remission with the reduction of urinary podocytes, and his renal function was preserved. Case 2, however, showed continuous increase in proteinuria with loss of renal function despite apheresis. Urinary podocytes remained high throughout. On the basis of this experience, we suggest the significance of the detection of urinary podocytes for determining renal prognosis in FSGS following renal allograft.