Immunogenicity, effectiveness and safety of combined hepatitis A and B vaccine: a systematic literature review

Expert Rev Vaccines. 2016 Jul;15(7):829-51. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2016.1150182. Epub 2016 Mar 7.

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis A and B are two of the most common vaccine-preventable diseases and vaccination for Hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) is recommended for those at risk of contracting HAV and/or HBV through their occupation, travel or lifestyle.

Objective: To describe the vaccine efficacy, immunogenicity, effectiveness and safety of the combined vaccine against hepatitis A and hepatitis B.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature published between 1990 and 2015.

Results: Anti-HAV seropositivity rates ranged from 96.2% to 100% and anti-HBs seroprotection rates from 82% to 100%. Antibodies persisted up to 15 years and geometric mean concentration (GMC) remained above the seropositivity cut-off value for both. Anti-HAV and anti-HBs immune responses were lower in less immunocompetent individuals one month after completion of the immunization schedule. The safety profiles of Twinrix(TM) and monovalent hepatitis A and B vaccines were similar.

Conclusion: The vaccine offers satisfactory long-term immunogenicity rates, expected duration of protection and safety profile similar to the monovalent hepatitis A or B vaccines.

Keywords: AmbirixTM; Combined vaccine; Effectiveness; Efficacy; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis B; Immunogenicity; Safety; TwinrixTM.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / epidemiology
  • Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / pathology
  • Hepatitis A / prevention & control*
  • Hepatitis A Antibodies / blood
  • Hepatitis A Vaccines / adverse effects*
  • Hepatitis A Vaccines / immunology*
  • Hepatitis B / prevention & control*
  • Hepatitis B Antibodies / blood
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines / adverse effects*
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Time Factors
  • Vaccines, Combined / adverse effects
  • Vaccines, Combined / immunology

Substances

  • Hepatitis A Antibodies
  • Hepatitis A Vaccines
  • Hepatitis B Antibodies
  • Hepatitis B Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Combined