Polymer functionalized nanocomposites for metals removal from water and wastewater: An overview

Giusy Lofrano; Maurizio Carotenuto; Giovanni Libralato; Rute F Domingos; Arjen Markus; Luciana Dini; Ravindra Kumar Gautam; Daniela Baldantoni; Marco Rossi; Sanjay K Sharma; Mahesh Chandra Chattopadhyaya; Maurizio Giugni; Sureyya Meric

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.033

Polymer functionalized nanocomposites for metals removal from water and wastewater: An overview

Water Res. 2016 Apr 1:92:22-37. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.033. Epub 2016 Jan 19.

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy; Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Claudio 21, 80127 Naples, Italy.
² Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
³ Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Cà Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre-Venezia, Italy. Electronic address: giovanni.libralato@unive.it.
⁴ Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université; Paris Diderot, UMR CNRS 7154, 75238 Paris Cedex 05, France.
⁵ Deltares, PO Box 177, 2600 MH Delft, The Netherlands.
⁶ Department of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, University of Salento Prov.le Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
⁷ Environmental Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211 002, India.
⁸ Dipartimento di Scienze di Base e Applicate per l'Ingegneria, Via Antonio Scarpa 14/16, 00161 Roma, Italy.
⁹ Green Chemistry & Sustainability Research Group, Department of Chemistry, JECRC University, Jaipur 303905, India.
¹⁰ Department of Environmental and Civil Engineering, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Claudio 21, 80127 Naples, Italy.
¹¹ Corlu Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Namık Kemal University, Corlu 59860, Tekirdag, Turkey.

PMID: 26827255
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.01.033

Abstract

Pollution by metal and metalloid ions is one of the most widespread environmental concerns. They are non-biodegradable, and, generally, present high water solubility facilitating their environmental mobilisation interacting with abiotic and biotic components such as adsorption onto natural colloids or even accumulation by living organisms, thus, threatening human health and ecosystems. Therefore, there is a high demand for effective removal treatments of heavy metals, making the application of adsorption materials such as polymer-functionalized nanocomposites (PFNCs), increasingly attractive. PFNCs retain the inherent remarkable surface properties of nanoparticles, while the polymeric support materials provide high stability and processability. These nanoparticle-matrix materials are of great interest for metals and metalloids removal thanks to the functional groups of the polymeric matrixes that provide specific bindings to target pollutants. This review discusses PFNCs synthesis, characterization and performance in adsorption processes as well as the potential environmental risks and perspectives.

Keywords: Metal; Metalloid; Nanoparticles; Polymer functionalized nano-composites; Removal efficiency; Toxicity.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Metals / isolation & purification*
Nanocomposites / chemistry*
Polymers / chemical synthesis
Polymers / chemistry*
Wastewater / chemistry*
Water / chemistry*
Water Pollutants, Chemical / isolation & purification*
Water Purification / methods*

Substances

Metals
Polymers
Waste Water
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Water