Cold, dry air is associated with influenza and pneumonia mortality in Auckland, New Zealand

Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2016 Jul;10(4):310-3. doi: 10.1111/irv.12369. Epub 2016 May 17.

Abstract

The relationship between weather and influenza and pneumonia mortality was examined retrospectively using daily data from 1980 to 2009 in Auckland, New Zealand, a humid, subtropical location. Mortality events, defined when mortality exceeded 0·95 standard deviation above the mean, followed periods of anomalously cold air (ta.m. = -4·1, P < 0·01; tp.m. = -4·2, P < 0·01) and/or anomalously dry air (ta.m. = -4·1, P < 0·01; tp.m. = -3·8, P < 0·01) by up to 19 days. These results suggest that respiratory infection is enhanced during unusually cold conditions and during conditions with unusually low humidity, even in a subtropical location where humidity is typically high.

Keywords: Air temperature; climate; humidity; influenza mortality; seasonality; weather.

MeSH terms

  • Cold Temperature
  • Humans
  • Humidity
  • Influenza, Human / complications
  • Influenza, Human / epidemiology
  • Influenza, Human / mortality*
  • Influenza, Human / virology
  • New Zealand / epidemiology
  • Pneumonia / etiology
  • Pneumonia / mortality*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Seasons
  • Weather