Academic Achievement in Early Adolescence: The Influence of Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Variables

J Gen Psychol. 2015 Oct-Dec;142(4):273-94. doi: 10.1080/00221309.2015.1092940.

Abstract

The present study examined the predictive effects of intellectual ability, self-concept, goal orientations, learning strategies, popularity and parent involvement on academic achievement. Hierarchical regression analysis and path analysis were performed among a sample of 1398 high school students (mean age = 12.5; SD =.67) from eight education centers from the province of Alicante (Spain). Cognitive and non-cognitive variables were measured using validated questionnaires, whereas academic achievement was assessed using end-of-term grades obtained by students in nine subjects. The results revealed significant predictive effects of all of the variables. The model proposed had a satisfactory fit, and all of the hypothesized relationships were significant. These findings support the importance of including non-cognitive variables along with cognitive variables when predicting a model of academic achievement.

Keywords: academic achievement; cognitive variables; motivational variables; parent involvement; popularity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Academic Success*
  • Adolescent
  • Adolescent Behavior / psychology*
  • Child
  • Cluster Analysis
  • Cognition*
  • Female
  • Goals*
  • Humans
  • Intelligence
  • Learning
  • Male
  • Parents / psychology
  • Psychological Distance*
  • Self Concept*