Endoscopic Management of Anastomotic Esophageal Strictures Secondary to Esophageal Atresia

Abstract

The reported incidence of anastomotic stricture after esophageal atresia repair has varied in case series from as low as 9% to as high as 80%. The cornerstone of esophageal stricture treatment is dilation with either balloon or bougie. The goal of esophageal dilation is to increase the luminal diameter of the esophagus while also improving dysphagia symptoms. Once a stricture becomes refractory to esophageal dilation, there are several treatment therapies available as adjuncts to dilation therapy. These therapies include intralesional steroid injection, mitomycin C, esophageal stent placement, and endoscopic incisional therapy.

Keywords: Endoscopic incisional therapy; Esophageal atresia; Esophageal dilation; Esophageal stenting; Esophageal stricture; Intralesional steroid injection; Mitomycin C; Tracheoesophageal fistula.