As health care costs threaten the economic stability of American society, increasing pressures to focus on value-based health care have led to the development of protocols for fast-track cardiac surgery and for delirium management. Critical care services can be led by anesthesiologists with the goal of improving ICU outcomes and at the same time decreasing the rising cost of ICU medicine.
Keywords: Critical care costs; Delirium and ABCDE bundle; Fast-track cardiac surgery; Measuring health care costs; US health care costs.
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