Multiple Intercostal Space Electrocardiogram Allows Accurate Localization of Outflow Tract Ventricular Arrhythmia Origin

Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 2016 Feb;39(2):173-81. doi: 10.1111/pace.12781. Epub 2015 Dec 1.

Abstract

Background: Multiple intercostal recordings were supposed to get a more comprehensive view of the depolarization vector of the outflow tract ventricular arrhythmia (OT-VA), which may help to identify the OT-VA more accurately. This study was undertaken to develop a more accurate electrocardiogram (ECG) criterion for differentiating between left and right OT-VA origins.

Methods: We studied OT-VA with a left bundle branch block pattern and inferior axis QRS morphology in 47 patients with successful catheter ablation in the right ventricular OT (RVOT; n = 37) or aortic coronary cusp (ACC; n = 10). Superior and inferior precordial leads were taken together with the routine 12-lead ECG. The ECG during the OT-VA and during sinus beats were analyzed. Transition ratio, transition zone (TZ) index, R/S amplitude ratio, and R-wave duration ratio were measured in the regular, superior, and inferior precordial leads.

Results: The combined TZ index, TZ index inferior was significantly smaller, while the V2 inferior transition ratio was significantly larger for ACC origins than RVOT origins (P < 0.05). The area under the curve for the combined TZ index by a receiver operating characteristic analysis was 0.974, which was significantly larger than other parameters. A cutoff value ≤0.25 predicted an ACC origin with 94% sensitivity and 100% specificity. This advantage of the parameter over others also held true for a subanalysis of OT-VAs with a lead V3 precordial transition or TZ index = 0.

Conclusions: The combined TZ index outperformed other ECG criteria to differentiate left from right OT-VA origins.

Keywords: aortic sinus cusp; electrocardiogram; idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia; multiple intercostal space recording; right ventricular outflow tract; transitional zone.

MeSH terms

  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / diagnosis*
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / physiopathology*
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac / surgery
  • Bundle-Branch Block / diagnosis
  • Bundle-Branch Block / physiopathology
  • Bundle-Branch Block / surgery
  • Catheter Ablation
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Electrocardiography / methods*
  • Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac
  • Female
  • Heart Ventricles / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome