Nutritional status of iron, vitamin B12, folate, retinol and anemia in children 1 to 11 years old: Results of the Ensanut 2012

Salud Publica Mex. 2015 Sep-Oct;57(5):372-84. doi: 10.21149/spm.v57i5.7616.

Abstract

Objective: To describe the frequency of anemia, iron, vitamin B12, folate, retinol and predictors of anemia among Mexican children from Ensanut 2012.

Materials and methods: Hemoglobin, ferritin, CRP, vitamin B12, retinol and folate concentrations were measured in 2 678 children aged 1-4 y and 4 275 children aged 5-11 y. Adjusted logistic regression models were constructed to assess the risk for anemia and micronutrient deficiencies.

Results: In preschoolers and scholars, the overall prevalence of anemia was 20.4 and 9.7%, iron deficiency 14 and 9.3%, low vitamin B12 (LB12S) 1.9 and 2.6%; Folate 0.30 and 0%, and retinol depletion (VADp) 15.7 and 2.3%, respectively. ID and VADp were negatively associated with Hb (coefficient: -0.38 and -0.45, p<0.05); a higher log-CRP was associated with higher risk for anemia and VADp (OR=1.13 and OR=2.1, p<0.05, respectively).

Conclusions: Iron deficiency, anemia and VADp are some of the main nutritional problems among Mexican infants.

MeSH terms

  • Anemia / epidemiology*
  • Anemia / etiology
  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Ferritins / blood
  • Folic Acid / blood
  • Folic Acid Deficiency / blood
  • Folic Acid Deficiency / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Iron / blood
  • Iron Deficiencies*
  • Male
  • Mexico / epidemiology
  • Nutrition Surveys*
  • Prevalence
  • Risk
  • Socioeconomic Factors
  • Vitamin A / blood
  • Vitamin A Deficiency / blood
  • Vitamin A Deficiency / epidemiology*
  • Vitamin B 12 / blood
  • Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / blood
  • Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / epidemiology*

Substances

  • Vitamin A
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Ferritins
  • Folic Acid
  • Iron
  • Vitamin B 12