Design of a fluorescent ligand targeting the S-adenosylmethionine binding site of the histone methyltransferase MLL1

Org Biomol Chem. 2016 Jan 14;14(2):631-638. doi: 10.1039/c5ob01794g.

Abstract

The histone methyltransferase MLL1 has been linked to translocation-associated gene fusion in childhood leukemias and is an attractive drug target. High-throughput biochemical analysis of MLL1 methyltransferase activity requires the production of at least a trimeric complex of MLL1, RbBP5 and WDR5 to elicit robust activity. Production of trimeric and higher order MLL1 complexes in the quantities and reproducibility required for high-throughput screening presents a significant impediment to MLL1 drug discovery efforts. We present here a small molecule fluorescent ligand (FL-NAH, 6) that is able to bind to the S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) binding site of MLL1 in a manner independent of the associated complex members. We have used FL-NAH to develop a fluorescence polarization-based SAM displacement assay in a 384-well format targeting the MLL1 SET domain in the absence of associated complex members. FL-NAH competes with SAM and is displaced from the MLL1 SET domain by other SAM-binding site ligands with Kdisp values similar to the higher-order complexes, but is unaffected by the H3 peptide substrate. This assay enables screening for SAM-competitive MLL1 inhibitors without requiring the use of trimeric or higher order MLL1 complexes, significantly reducing screening time and cost.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Binding, Competitive / drug effects
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Design*
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / economics
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / methods*
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Fluorescence*
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / chemistry*
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Ligands
  • Molecular Structure
  • Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein / chemistry*
  • Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein / metabolism*
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • S-Adenosylmethionine / metabolism*
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemical synthesis
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemistry
  • Small Molecule Libraries / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • KMT2A protein, human
  • Ligands
  • Small Molecule Libraries
  • Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein
  • S-Adenosylmethionine
  • Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase