Purpose: The posterior femoral offset may significantly impact the final flexion range after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The purpose of the present study was to compare a conventional, radiologic-based technique with an intra-operative, surgical navigation-based technique for the measurement of posterior femoral offset. The tested hypothesis was that the two measurement techniques produce different results both before and after TKA.
Methods: One-hundred consecutive cases referred for end-stage knee osteoarthritis have been studied. Posterior femoral offsets, measured pre- and post-TKA from radiographs, as well as those measured from a navigation system intra-operatively, were analysed. The pre-TKA measured offsets, post-TKA measured offsets and the changes (pre- vs. post-TKA) in the offsets were statistically compared between the radiologic and the navigated measurement techniques at a 0.05 level of significance.
Results: The mean paired difference between pre-TKA radiologic and navigated measurement was 4 ± 4 mm (p < 0.001). There was a significant and moderate positive correlation with a good coherence between the two measurements. The mean paired difference between post-TKA radiologic and navigated measurement was 6 ± 5 mm (p < 0.001). There was a significant and moderate positive correlation but a poor coherence between the two measurements.
Conclusions: The conventional radiologic technique for the measurement of the posterior femoral offset cannot be reliably used either for pre-TKA planning of the posterior femoral resection and antero-posterior sizing of the femoral component, or for post-TKA quality control of the reconstruction of the posterior femoral offset.
Level of evidence: Level IV.
Keywords: Knee joint; Navigation; Posterior femoral offset; Radiologic measurement; Total knee arthroplasty; Total knee replacement.