Schwann cells forming peri-insular glial sheath of the pancreatic islets in some mammals can be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Human pancreatic cells contain small elongated or oval cells of unknown origin with S100-immunopositive processes. We found that cells with processes located in pancreatic islets of human fetuses and children are similar to Schwann cells by their morphological and ultrastructural characteristics, immunopositive reaction for S100, and integration with nerve endings. In the pancreas of fetuses and children, Schwann cells are often seen in forming pancreatic islets and around the pancreatic ducts. The data suggests that Schwann cells can participate in the morphogenesis of human pancreatic islets.
Keywords: Schwann cells; children; human fetuses; pancreas; pancreatic islets.