Purpose: Radical prostatectomy is the standard therapeutic approach for localized prostate cancer. After the implementation of robotic surgery in Romania, the indication extended progressively to locally advanced prostate cancer. Our objective was to evaluate the oncological and functional outcomes in patients undergoing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP), 5 years after the first intervention in Romania.
Methods: Between November 2009 and July 2014, 207 RARPs were performed using the da Vinci SI Surgical System. Perioperative data were prospectively collected. The oncological and functional follow-up was up to 55 months (range 3-55).
Results: Patient stratification according to D'Amico risk categories was 16% low risk, 56.7% intermediate risk and 27.3% high risk. Median console time was 210 min (range 160-360). Median blood loss was 300 ml (range 50-1300), transfusion being required in 2.9% of the cases. Histopathological examinations showed pT3 in 40.8% of the cases, with a positive surgical margin rate of 21.1%, 13.6% for pT2, and 32.1% for pT3. Continence rate (0-1 daily safety pad) at 6, 12, 24 and 55 months was 88.3, 88.8, 90.1, and 93.7% respectively. Overall sexual function restoration rate at 6, 12, 24 and 55 months was 41.1, 44.4, 47.4 and 53%, respectively. Biochemical recurrence rate during follow-up was 6.9%.
Conclusions: RARP is a minimally invasive therapeutic approach for prostate cancer, with acceptable outcomes, even in countries such as Romania, where the detection rate for localized prostate cancer is lower compared to other European countries due to lack of national screening programs.