We assessed our initial experience with tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Between February 2011 and December 2013, we performed 155 tubeless PCNL and 54 standard PCNL in which nephrostomy tubes were used postoperatively. Tubeless PCNL was performed when the presence of residual fragments, bleeding, and extravasation were excluded intraoperatively. The incidence of complications, hospital stay duration, analgesic requirements, visual analog scale score, decrease in hemoglobin levels, and stone-free rates were compared between the two groups. The mean hospital stay after tubeless PCNL was shorter (5.1 days) than that after standard PCNL (6.8 days, P＜0.05). Transient fever was seen in 20 patients (13.8%) in the tubeless PCNL group and 12 patients (25.5%) in the standard PCNL group. Tubeless PCNL is a safe and effective procedure, and hospital stay is shorter with tubeless PCNL than with standard PCNL.