LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of total oligomeric flavonoid fraction of Cyperus rotundus and its antioxidant, macromolecule damage protective and antihemolytic effects

Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu; P Rachitha; K Krupashree; G V Jayashree; Virat Abhishek; Farhath Khanum

doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2015.07.001

LC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of total oligomeric flavonoid fraction of Cyperus rotundus and its antioxidant, macromolecule damage protective and antihemolytic effects

Pathophysiology. 2015 Dec;22(4):165-73. doi: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2015.07.001. Epub 2015 Jul 28.

Authors

Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu¹, P Rachitha¹, K Krupashree¹, G V Jayashree¹, Virat Abhishek², Farhath Khanum³

Affiliations

¹ Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India.
² Food Engineering and Packaging Division, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India.
³ Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore 570011, Karnataka, India. Electronic address: farhathkhanum@gmail.com.

PMID: 26319439
DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2015.07.001

Abstract

In the present investigation, we identified the phytochemical constituents of total oligomeric flavonoid fraction (TOF) of Cyperus rotundus by LC-ESI-MS/MS and also demonstrated its antihemolytic effects against 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) induced hemolysis of rat erythrocytes. Our results of TOF extract exhibited DPPH, metal chelating, ABTS, NO and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities with an IC50 values of 23.72±1.6, 52.45±2.88, 9.8±0.42, 6.5±0.33 and 120±6.83μg/ml respectively, whereas total antioxidant and reducing power activities were 194±12.5μg GAE/mg extract and 145±8.3μg AAE/mg extract. The extract showed potent inhibitory activity against AAPH induced plasmid DNA damage, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation. The TOF extract mitigates AAPH induced hemolysis and exhibits ∼50% antihemolytic activity. TOF pretreatment also preserved morphology of erythrocytes as observed and measured by light microscope and atomic force microscope analysis. Furthermore, the TOF fraction effectively inhibited AAPH induced LDH release, ROS generation and lipid peroxidation. Taken together, our data demonstrate the antihemolytic activity of C. rotundus against AAPH induced oxidative stress of erythrocytes, and was associated with the decrease in oxidative stress, cellular damage and protection of macromolecules. In conclusion, the effects might be correlated with high content of flavonoids and polyphenols identified in C. rotundus. This suggests the clinical application of TOF fraction of C. rotundus against ROS induced cell death.

Keywords: AAPH; Antihemolytic activity; Atomic force microscope; Cyperus rotundus; DNA damage; LDH release; Protein oxidation; ROS generation; Total oligomeric flavonoids.