Effects of adjuvant radiotherapy on completely resected gastric cancer: A radiation oncologist's view of the ARTIST randomized phase III trial

Radiother Oncol. 2015 Oct;117(1):171-7. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2015.08.009. Epub 2015 Aug 20.

Abstract

Purpose: We investigated which subgroups might benefit from adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and suggested optimal RT targets by analyzing the results of the Adjuvant Chemoradiation Therapy in Stomach Cancer (ARTIST) trial.

Methods: We conducted randomized controlled trial in 458 gastric cancer patients. Patients were randomly assigned to XP (6 cycles of capecitabine and) or XPRT (2 cycles of XP+RT 45Gy/25 fraction with capecitabine+2 cycles of XP) groups after D2 resection. Minimum follow-up was 5years.

Results: During follow-up, 77 patients (33.8%) in the XP arm and 60 (26.1%) in the XPRT arm experienced recurrence. Among these patients, locoregional recurrence (LRR) developed in 44 (9.6%; 29 in XP, 15 in XPRT; P=0.03). The local recurrence rate (4.8%) did not vary between arms. Regional recurrence was the most important difference between the two groups (23 in the XP arm, 5 in the XPRT arm, P<0.001). LRR-free survival (LRRFS) was significantly different between study arms (P=0.03), especially in patients with LN metastasis (P=0.009).

Conclusions: Adjuvant RT after D2 resection in gastric cancer reduced LRR, especially in group 3 LNs, and improved LRRFS. Patients with LN metastasis benefited more from the adjuvant RT treatment than the other subgroups.

Keywords: Adjuvant CCRT; Gastric cancer; RT; Randomized controlled trial; Recurrence.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Capecitabine / administration & dosage
  • Chemoradiotherapy, Adjuvant / methods
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gastrectomy / methods
  • Humans
  • Lymphatic Metastasis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / methods
  • Stomach Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / surgery
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Capecitabine
  • Cisplatin