Removal of cadmium(II) ions from aqueous solution using Ni (15 wt.%)-doped α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals: equilibrium, thermodynamic, and kinetic studies

Water Sci Technol. 2015;72(4):608-15. doi: 10.2166/wst.2015.245.

Abstract

The present publication investigates the performance of nanocrystalline Ni (15 wt.%)-doped α-Fe2O3 as an effective nanomaterial for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions. The nanocrystalline Ni-doped α-Fe2O3 powders were prepared by mechanical alloying, and characterized by X-ray diffraction and a vibrating sample magnetometer. Batch-mode experiments were realized to determine the adsorption equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamic parameters of toxic heavy metal ions by Ni (15 wt.%)-doped α-Fe2O3. The adsorption isotherms data were found to be in good agreement with the Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity of Cd(II) ion reached a maximum value of about 90.91 mg g(-1) at 328 K and pH 7. The adsorption process kinetics was found to comply with pseudo-second-order rate law. Thermodynamic parameters related to the adsorption reaction, free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change, were evaluated. The found values of free energy and enthalpy revealed a spontaneous endothermic adsorption-process. Moreover, the positive entropy suggests an increase of randomness during the process of heavy metal removal at the adsorbent-solution interface.

MeSH terms

  • Cadmium / chemistry*
  • Ferric Compounds / chemistry*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Models, Theoretical
  • Nanoparticles / chemistry
  • Nickel / chemistry*
  • Temperature
  • Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods*
  • Wastewater / analysis*

Substances

  • Ferric Compounds
  • Waste Water
  • Cadmium
  • ferric oxide
  • Nickel